共用题干第二篇Call American Their NamesA great difference between American social ...

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问题共用题干第二篇

Call American Their Names

A great difference between American social customs and those of other countries is the way in which names are used.Americans have little concern for"rank",especially socially. Most Americans do not want to be treated in any especially respectful way because of their age or social rank;it makes them feel uncomfortable.Many Americans even find the terms"Mr.","Mrs."or"Miss" too formal.People of all ages may prefer to be called by their first names."Don't call me Mrs. Smith.Just call me Sally."Using only first names usually indicates friendliness and acceptance. However,if you do not feel comfortable using only first names,it is quite acceptable to be more formal.Just smile and say that after a while you will use first names but you are accustomed to being more when you first meet someone.
Very often,introductions are made using both first and last names:"Mary Smith,this is John Jones."In this situation you are free to decide whether to call the lady"Mary"or"Miss Smith". Sometimes both of you will begin a conversation using last names,and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead.You have a choice:if you don't want to use first names so quickly, no one will think it impolite if you continue according to your own custom.

选项 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A:The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries. B:Many Americans are used to being called by their first names. C:It shows friendliness and kindness to use only first names. D:When you talk to people in the United States,you have to use their first names.

答案 D

解析第一段讲美国人很少关注“级别”，特别是在社交方面。多数美国人不想因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会让他们感到局促不安。比较四个选项，D项的意思最准确、最符合原文。
第一段原文提到：多数美国人因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬时会感到局促不安。所以选C。 "uncomfortable”在本文中应该理解为“局促不安的”(ill at ease; uneasy）。
第一段结尾提到：如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，正式一些是完全可以接受的。只要微笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名字，但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称呼：所以与美国人谈话并不一定必须（have to)称呼名字。
从引文的上下文中可以推断出“Mrs.Smith”是比较正式的称呼，而美国人更喜欢直接称呼名字。所以选择B。
本文主要介绍美国的社会习俗―社交场合的称呼，与历史无关，不是通知的形式，更不是短篇小说。所以最可能出现在旅游指南上。

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